Sacrifice Bunt
Give up an out to move a runner up.
How it actually works. The hitter squares early, holds the bat loose in the strike zone and lets the ball hit the bat rather than swinging at it. The target is a slow roller down either line, far enough from the plate that the catcher cannot get it and soft enough that the fielder has no play except at first base. Bat angle decides direction and the top hand slides up the barrel to control it.
Why it is done, and when it is wrong. The whole argument about bunting is an argument about run expectancy, and the numbers are unambiguous for most of the situations people bunt in. A runner on first with nobody out is worth more, on average, than a runner on second with one out. Trading an out for ninety feet usually loses. What that average hides is the shape of the distribution: bunting lowers the total runs you expect and raises the odds of scoring exactly one. So a bunt is defensible in a tie game in the ninth, when one run ends it, and indefensible in the second inning, when you want the crooked number. A manager who bunts in the second is managing to avoid criticizm rather than to win.
What people get wrong about it. The exception everybody forgets is that a good bunt is not a sacrifice at all. If the hitter can reach on it, the out was never conceded, and against a slow-footed corner or a pitcher who falls off the mound the bunt becomes a base hit often enough to change the math completely. The other thing to watch is who is holding the bat. A bunt from a pitcher or a light-hitting shortstop costs an out that was probably coming anyway, which is a much smaller price than an out from a hitter who was going to do damage.
At Little League and travel ball. At Little League and in the younger travel divisions bunting is far stronger than it is in the professional game, and for a reason that has nothing to do with strategy. Youth infielders field bunts badly, throws to first from the third base line are the hardest throw on the field, and a bunt with runners on turns into two bases and an error at a rate that would be unthinkable in the majors. A well drilled bunting team at 10U wins games with it.
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